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Apteranthes europaea (Guss.) Murb.

This species is accepted: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:94041-1
Link of images: https://flora.org.il/en/plants/CAREUR/, https://www.teline.fr/en/photos/apocynaceae/apteranthes-europaea, https://floressilvestresdelmediterraneo.blogspot.com/2012/09/asclepiadaceae-caralluma-europaea.html  
Category:
Apteranthes europaea (Guss.) Murb. / Homotypic Synonyms:  Caralluma europaea (Guss.) N.E.Br., it is a succulent  plant  fleshy,  with a cactiform appearance that goes practically unnoticed due to its mimicry with the habitat where it grows, and it has showy reddish flowers streaked with white that give off an unpleasant rotten smell which serves as a lure to attract their main pollinators (Hymenoptera), Life Form: Su, Flowering in: Nov-Mar, Vern: Dagmus, Phytochoria: MED, The native range of this species is SE. Spain, Sicilia (Linosa, Lampedusa), N. Africa to W. Jordan.,  Notes: Wild in Libya

For more information: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:94041-1, http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000340432,  https://www.gbif.org/species/7427485, https://flora.org.il/en/plants/CAREUR/,  https://floressilvestresdelmediterraneo.blogspot.com/2012/09/asclepiadaceae-caralluma-europaea.html,  http://www.africanplants.senckenberg.de/root/index.php?page_id=78&id=10398  

 

Distribution in Libya
Zliten-Misurata Plain Benghazi Plain Jabal Nafusa
Kaam area 2005 Benghazi 1922, 1939 Tarhuna, Garian, 1913 Garian 1951 Msallata (Shaafeen) 2008 Msallata National Park (Shaafeen) 2013 Msallata-Garaboulli Province 2020 Gharyan (Sedrores Mountains) 2020
Al-Jabal Al-Akhder Marmarica Plateau
Derna 1912 W. Derna, near Ain-Sibl 1939 Wadi El-Hussaien, Shahat to Ras El-Hilal, Wadi El-Kouf 1967 Wadi Zaza 2003 Wadi El-Kouf 2014 Valley Jarjr-oma 2013 Wadi Derna 2017 Wadi Al-Kouf 2021 Reported in Marmarica north-eastern part of Libya by Pampanini 1930 Omm El-Razem 1933 El Mechili 1934 From Tobruk to Egyptian Border 1999 Marmarica (north-eastern part of Libya) 2002

 

Bibliographic references:  
First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan:  
Ali, S.I. & Jafri, S. M. H. (1977) Flora of Libya, Asclepiadaceae Vol. (9) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya.
Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses , Sorted by Newest: pdf files
Al-Traboulsi, M. & Alaib, M.A. (2021) A Survey of medicinal plants of Wadi Al-Kouf in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya. NAT. CROAT, VOL. 30. No 2. (389-404), ZAGREB. December 31, 2021. https://hrcak.srce.hr/269442 / https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/390805 Medicinal plants of Wadi Al-Kouf 2021
Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://www.mapress.com/j/pt/, https://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1 An updated Marmarica Plateau flora 2021
El-Ahmir, S.M., Mahklouf, M.H., Shanta, M.B., Abo-Jaafer, H.A. (2020) Floristic Study of Sedrores Mountains in Gharyan District-Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology. Volume 8 / Issue 1. ISSN: 2348-7313. https://scienceq.org/floristic-study-of-sedrores-mountains-in-gharyan-district-libya.php Sedrores Mountains in Gharyan 2020
Mahklouf, M.H., Sherif, A.S., Betelmal, A.G. (2020) Floristic Study and Species Diversity of Msallata-Garaboulli Province in Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7 / Issue 3 ISSN: 2348-7313 Journal homepage: http://scienceq.org/Journals/JABZ.php, https://scienceq.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/JABZV7I304.pdf Msallata-Garaboulli Province in Libya 2020
Ab-Aziza, F.B., El–Barasi, Y.M. and Rahil, R.O. (2017) Flora, Vegetation and Human Activities of Wadi Derna-El-Jabal. Research article I Botany l Version 1. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi,   https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rebeh-Rahil VegetationWadi Derna 2017
El-Mokasabi, F M. (2014) Floristic Composition and Traditional Uses of Plant Species at Wadi Al-kuf, Al-Jabal Al-Akhder, Libya. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 14 (8): 685-697, 2014, ISSN 1818-769,IDOSIPublications,2014 DOI:10.5829/idosi.aejaes.2014.14.08.12375. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/441b/23b83960f007044aca94e26f5c6b170fe102.pdf Plant Species at Wadi Al-kuf 2014
Abusaief, H. M. A. (2013) Life forms and rangeland for many habitats of Jarjar oma in Al-Jabal Al- Akhdar on Mediterranean Sea. Journal of American Science 2013;9(5) http://www.jofamericanscience.org/journals/am-sci/am0905/029_17747am0905_236_249.pdf Jarjar oma in Al-Jabal Al- Akhdar 2013
Al-Masalati, N. A. A. (2013) Plant diversity across the altitudes of the Msallata National Park Reserve Mountains. Master Thesis. Botany Department-College of Science-University of Benghazi-Libya. (In Arabic)  
Mohammed, S.A.H. (2008) A taxonomic and ecological study of the plants of the Shaafin Reserve in Masalatah. Master Thesis. Department of Biology-Faculty of Arts and Sciences-Al-Mirqab University. Al-Khums. Libya. (In Arabic)  
Al-Shf, N. S. (2005) a taxonomic study of the plants of the Kaam region. Master Thesis, College of Science, Al-Marqab University, Al-Khums, Libya. (In Arabic)  
El-Barasi, Y. M., EI-Sherif, l. M. & Gawhari, A. M. H.(2003) Checklist and analysis of the flora and vegetation of Wadi Zaza at AI-Jabal AI Akhdar (Cyrenaica, Libya). Bocconea 16 (2): 1091-1105. 2003. – ISSN 1120-4060. http://www.herbmedit.org/bocconea/16-1091.pdf flora and vegetation of Wadi Zaza 2003_compressed
El-Shaary M.S. (2002). The Natural Vegetation in Marmarica plateau (North-eastern Libya). First ed. Tobruk (Libya): Published by the local Authority. (In Arabic)  
EL-Habony, A.M. (1999) Vegetation and flora of a sector along Mediterranean cost of Libya from Tobruk to Egyptian border, M.Sc. Thesis, Botany Department-Faculty of Science-Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya. (in Arabic)