| Salvia verbenaca L., it is a perennial herbaceous species, up to c. 10-80 cm tall. Stems erect, glandular-pubescent at the top. Leaves, 13 x 6 cm, almost all, basal, long petiolate, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, from almost entire to markedly incised. Inflorescence erect, dense at first, then elongated in fruiting, with the whorls very far apart. Verticilasters usually with 4-6 flowers. Bracts shorter than the calyx, green. Calyx 6-8 mm. short pediceled, campanulate, bi labiate, with unequal lips and somewhat accrecent in the fruiting. Corolla 6- 10 (-15) mm, violet blue – to lavender, bi labiate, with a three-lobed lower lip. Nucules obovate, trigonal, with very softened angles and 3 convex faces. Matte surface, tan in color, rough, densely foveolated on the lateral surfaces. Thread (strictly an abscission scar) somewhat heart-shaped, with a halo around. Life Form: H, Flowering in: Des-Apr, Vern: Sag en naga, Phytochoria: ES+MED, The native range of this species is Macaronesia, W. Europe to Medit. and Caucasus, Eritrea. Notes: Wild in Libya.
For more information: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:457495-1, https://www.ipni.org/n/457495-1, https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000302591, https://www.gbif.org/species/6409706, https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/117739/salvia-verbenaca-l, https://www.atlasdesemillasdecanarias.org/atlas/ficha.php?ID=101, https://www.preservons-la-nature.fr/flore/taxon/1037.html, https://flora.org.il/en/plants/salveb/, https://keyserver.lucidcentral.org/weeds/data/media/Html/salvia_verbenaca.htm, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvia_verbenaca |
| Distribution in Libya | ||
| Al-Jafarah Plain | Zliten-Misurata Plain | Benghazi Plain |
| Sabratah 1966 Tripoli 1972 (20 km) from Tripoli 1975 Sabratah 1976 | Misurata 1967 Leptis Magna 1975 Kaam area 2005 Misurata 2006 Zliten (Wadi EL-Zekr) 2022 | Daryanah 1972, 1979 Wadi El-Ghattara 2010 Between Slouk and Al-Abiar 2016 |
| Jabal Nafusa | Al-Jabal Al-Akhder | Marmarica Plateau |
| Ain Rumia 1967 Gharian, (4 km) W. of Aboghilan, Tarhuna 1975 Near Yefren in Wadi Ain Rumia 1976 Msallata (Shaafeen) 2008 Msallata National Park (Shaafeen) 2013 Tarhuna (Terghlat) 2018 Msallata-Garaboulli Province 2020 Gharyan (Sedrores Mountains) 2020 Wadi Kaam (Main course) 2022 | (2 km) from Lagrag, (35 km) from Lamluda, Al-Gaigub, (2 km) from Faidia 1972 Al-Gaigub, (2 km) from Faidia, (20 km) from Taknis, Marawa 1973 (20 km) from Baida to Derna 1978 (13 km) from Ras El-Hilal to Gubba 1979 Ras El-Hilal, Wadi Qalaa, (10,20 km) from Dern to Al-Tamimi 1980 Wadi Al-Agar 1999 Wadi Zaza 2003 S. of AL-Marj 2011 Wadi Haboon 2015 Al-Abiar (Sidi Amohamed forest) 2020 | (70 km) from Masiad to Tobruk 1975 From Tobruk to Egyptian Border 1999 Marmarica (north-eastern part of Libya) 2002 |
| Bibliographic references: | |
| First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan: | |
| Jafri, S.M.H. & El-Gadi, A. (1985) Flora of Libya, Lamiaceae Vol. (118) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya. | |
| Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest: | pdf files |
| Almushghub, F., Ahmed, D., Sharaf El-Din, A., Shaltout, k. (2022) Vegetation analysis of Wadi Kaam at northwest Libya. Journal of Basic and Environmental Sciences, 9 (2022) 20-37. https://bit.ly/3AJ2ASJ, https://jbesci.org/viewp.php?files=published/9.1.3.pdf&id=213 , https://jbesci.org/published/9.1.3.pdf | Wadi Kaam 2022 |
| El-Karnawdy, F.O.M. & Swaisy, A.S.M. (2022) Current status of floristic structure in Wadi EL-Zekr, Zliten City, Libya. Middle East International Conference on Contemporary Scientific Studies-VII-Beirut Arab University, Lebanon-March 3-4, 2022. https://www.middleeastconference.org/_files/ugd/614b1f_77fabd66c5054350a95423613bc913b6.pdf, https://www.middleeastconference.org/conference-books | Wadi EL-Zekr, Zliten 2022 |
| Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://www.mapress.com/j/pt/, https://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1 | An updated Marmarica Plateau flora 2021 |
| Al-Amrouni, M,M., Al-Zarbi, A., Al-Aeb, M. A. (2020) Study of vegetation cover in Sidi Amohamed forest north of the city of Al-Abyar in the Al-Jabal Al-Al-Akhdar. Libya. Journal of Quality Assurance for Scientific Research-The first issue-April-2020 (In Arabic). https://lqac.org.ly/index.php/april2020/, https://lqac.org.ly/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/PDF-1.pdf | غابة سيدي أمحمد شمال مدينة الابيار2020 |
| El-Ahmir, S.M., Mahklouf, M.H., Shanta, M.B., Abo-Jaafer, H.A. (2020) Floristic Study of Sedrores Mountains in Gharyan District-Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology. Volume 8 / Issue 1. ISSN: 2348-7313. https://bit.ly/3VkL3Kh, https://scienceq.org/floristic-study-of-sedrores-mountains-in-gharyan-district-libya.php | Sedrores Mountains in Gharyan 2020 |
| Mahklouf, M.H., Sherif, A.S., Betelmal, A.G. (2020) Floristic Study and Species Diversity of Msallata-Garaboulli Province in Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7 / Issue 3 ISSN: 2348-7313. Journal homepage: http://scienceq.org/Journals/JABZ.php, https://bit.ly/3LgL0KQ, https://scienceq.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/JABZV7I304.pdf | Msallata-Garaboulli Province in Libya 2020 |
| Beit Al-Mal, A. G. & El-Hadar, I. A. (2018) An analytical study of vegetation (Case Study: Targhalat, Tarhouna Municipality, Libya.Special issue of the second annual conference on theories and applications Basic and Biological Sciences. 1 September 2018. | الغطاء النباتي بترغلات ترهونه 2018 |
| Mahklouf, M.H. Sherif, A.S, Betelmal, A. G. (2018) Floristic Study for Tarhuna-Libya. Hacettepe J. Biol. & Chem, 2018, 46 (3), 337-364. https://bit.ly/3p26EuO, http://www.hjbc.hacettepe.edu.tr/journal/volume-46/issue-3/floristic-study-for-tarhuna-libya/index.html | Floristic Study for Tarhuna 2018 |
| Raheel, RO. M., El-Borasi, Y. M., El-Barrani, M. W., El-Hassi, S. (2016) Study of Flora and vegetation cover of the semi-desert area between Salouq and Al-Abyar-the first high of Jabal Al-Akhdar-Libya, Fourth Scientific Conference for Environment and Sustainable Development In dry and semi-arid areas. Ajdabia. Libya. (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rebeh-Rahil | between Salouq and Al-Abyar 2016 |
| El-Rabiai, G.T. & Al tira, M. (2015) Checklist of the Flora of Wadi Haboon at AI Jabal AI Akhdar (Cyrenaica, Libya). International Journal of Pharmacy & Life Sciences 6(8-9): Aug-Sep, 2015:4661-4665] Coden (USA): IJPLCP ISSN: 0976-7126. http://uob.edu.ly/assets/uploads/pagedownloads/27a3a-wadi-haboon.pdf | Wadi Haboon at AI Jabal AI Akhdar 2015 |
| Al-Masalati, N. A. A. (2013) Plant diversity across the altitudes of the Msallata National Park Reserve Mountains. Master Thesis. Botany Department-College of Science-University of Benghazi-Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| EL-Barasi, Y. M., Barrani, M. W., Abdelsalam, O. EL-Amrouni, N., Mohamad, F. (2011) Check list of flora and vegetation on south EL-Marj zone: south EL-Jabal EL-Akhadar. Libya. Annals of Faculty Engineering Hunedoara-International Journal of Engineering. Tome IX (Year 2011). Fascicule 3. ISSN 1584-2673, 141-146. https://bit.ly/3p7s6hV, http://annals.fih.upt.ro/pdf-full/2011/ANNALS-2011-3-24.pdf | flora and vegetation on south EL-Marj zone 2011 |
| El-Rabiai, G.T., Al tira, F.M., Lamlom, S.H. (2010) Preliminary Checklist for the Flora of Wadi El Ghattara in Libya. Garyounis University Press Journal of Science and Its Applications Vol. 4, No. 1, pp 39-47, December 2010. http://sc.uob.edu.ly/assets/uploads/pagedownloads/5c3e5-39-47.pdf | Flora of Wadi El Ghattara 2010 |
| Mohammed, S.A.H. (2008) A taxonomic and ecological study of the plants of the Shaafin Reserve in Masalatah. Master Thesis. Department of Biology-Faculty of Arts and Sciences-Al-Mirqab University. Al-Khums. Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| Al-Dana, S. M. M. (2006) Taxonomic study of wild flower plants in some areas of Misrata. Master Thesis, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Misurata University (7 October previously) Misurata, Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| Al-Shf, N. S. (2005) a taxonomic study of the plants of the Kaam region. Master Thesis, College of Science, Al-Marqab University, Al-Khums, Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| El-Barasi, Y. M., EI-Sherif, l. M. & Gawhari, A. M. H.(2003) Checklist and analysis of the flora and vegetation of Wadi Zaza at AI-Jabal AI Akhdar (Cyrenaica, Libya). Bocconea 16 (2): 1091-1105. 2003. – ISSN 1120-4060. https://bit.ly/3VowJ3q, http://www.herbmedit.org/bocconea/16-1091.pdf | flora and vegetation of Wadi Zaza 2003_compressed |
| El-Shaary M.S. (2002). The Natural Vegetation in Marmarica plateau (North-eastern Libya). First ed. Tobruk (Libya): Published by the local Authority. (In Arabic) | |
| Al-Hamadi R.I.(1999) Floristic and ecological study of Wadi Al-Agar, Master Thesis, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Botany Department-Faculty of Science-Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| EL-Habony, A.M. (1999) Vegetation and flora of a sector along Mediterranean cost of Libya from Tobruk to Egyptian border, M.Sc. Thesis, Botany Department-Faculty of Science-Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya. (In Arabic) |
