| Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T.Aiton , it is a shrub or tree 1-4 m tall, many-branched from base; young parts and inflorescences densely covered with white woolly hairs; bark rough, grayish, the leaves sessile, 12-20 x 9.5-13.5 cm., Life Form: N.Ph, Flowering in: Almost the year, Vern: Brumbak, Phytochoria: PAL, The native range of this species is Macaronesia, N. & Tropical Africa to Indo-China., Notes: Wild in Libya, medicinal plant
For more information: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1004515-2, http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000581500 , https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=30332#null, https://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Calotropis+procera, https://identify.plantnet.org/weurope/species/Calotropis%20procera%20(Aiton)%20W.T.Aiton/data, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calotropis_procera, https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/cult/species.php?species_id=145910 |
| Distribution in Libya | ||
| Al-Jafarah Plain | Zliten-Misurata Plain | Sirte Plains |
| (20 km) S. of Tripoli 1958 Tripoli, (8 km) from Airport 1975 Jafara Plain (Wadi Ghado) 2015 El-Zawia 2015 Al-Hdaba Treatment Plant Tripoli 2016 Coastal of Tripoli 2020 | Leptus Megna 2004 Kaam area 2005 Wadi Kaam (Estuary) 2022 Zliten coast 2022 | Sirte 2015, 2016 |
| Jabal Nafusa | Marmarica Plateau | Fezzan area |
| Khoms a Lebda 1913 Jabal Nafusa (Wadi El-Watiah) 2016 Tarhuna (Terghlat) 2018 Msallata-Garaboulli Province 2020 Wadi Kaam (Main course, Headwaters) 2022 | Marmarica (north-eastern part of Libya) 2004 | Wadi Al-Agail, village of Oubari 1933,1959 Morzuk 1968 |
| Al-Kufra area | Ghat area | Gebel Uweinat |
| Al-Kufra, El-Giof 1963 Al-Kufra 1968 | Ghat 1933,1955 Wadi Iseien 1934 Ghat, Barkat, (7km) beyond Ghat, near Algerian border 1976 Ghat (Between Acacus and Tassili Mountains) 2004 Wadi Tanezzuft 2012 | Gebel Uweinat 1968 |
| Bibliographic references: | |
| First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan: | |
| Ali, S.I. & Jafri, S. M. H. (1977) Flora of Libya, Asclepiadaceae Vol. (9) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya. | |
| Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses , Sorted by Newest: | pdf files |
| Almushghub, F., Ahmed, D., Sharaf El-Din, A., Shaltout, k. (2022) Vegetation analysis of Wadi Kaam at northwest Libya. Journal of Basic and Environmental Sciences, 9 (2022) 20-37. https://jbesci.org/viewp.php?files=published/9.1.3.pdf&id=213, https://jbesci.org/published/9.1.3.pdf | Wadi Kaam 2022 |
| El-karnawdy, F.O.M., Abogmiza, A.F.M., Alsouyid, H.M.M., Ajaj. K.A.K. (2022) Floristic composition of Zygophyllum coccineum L. Associates in Zliten coast, Libya. 5th International African conference on current studies. February 2-5, 2022 Cairo, Egypt. | Zliten coast 2022 |
| Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://www.mapress.com/j/pt/, https://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1 | An updated Marmarica Plateau flora 2021 |
| Mahklouf, M.H. (2020) Biodiversity of the coastal flora of Tripoli Province. Biodiv. Res. Conserv. 58: 13-19, 2020. BRC www.brc.amu.edu.pl, http://brc.amu.edu.pl/pdf-127341-54763?filename=Biodiversity%20of%20the.pdf, http://brc.amu.edu.pl/Issue-58-2020,9131 | Coastal flora of Tripoli 2020 |
| Mahklouf, M.H., Sherif, A.S., Betelmal, A.G. (2020) Floristic Study and Species Diversity of Msallata-Garaboulli Province in Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7 / Issue 3 ISSN: 2348-7313 Journal homepage: http://scienceq.org/Journals/JABZ.php, https://scienceq.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/JABZV7I304.pdf | Msallata-Garaboulli Province in Libya 2020 |
| Beit Al-Mal, A. G. & El-Hadar, I. A. (2018) An analytical study of vegetation (Case Study: Targhalat, Tarhouna Municipality, Libya.Special issue of the second annual conference on theories and applications Basic and Biological Sciences. 1 September 2018. http://www.misuratau.edu.ly/2nd_conf/2nd_conf_Article_032_Pages_304-317.pdf | الغطاء النباتي بترغلات ترهونه 2018 |
| Elsayed, N. (2016) Relationship between Vegetation and Soil Seed Bank at Protected Versus Unprotected Sites at Coastal Habitats in Libya.CATRINA (2016), 15 (1): 59-68. https://scholar.google.com.eg/citations?user=mSAskW0AAAAJ&hl=en , https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18337_76652686b5c99f5fd479aebab87fbcb4.pdf | Surt region in Libya 2016 |
| Hegazy, A.; Kabiel, H.; AlRowaily, S.; Lovett-Doust, L. and AlBorki, A. (2016) Plant communities and reproductive phenology in mountainous regions of northern Libya. Journal of Forestry Research. July 2017, Volume 28, Issue4, pp 741-761|. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ahmad-Hegazy-2 | |
| Mahklouf, M. H. &Al Sghair, F. G. (2016) Biodiversity and Floristic Study of Al-Hdaba Treatment Plant Tripoli-Libya. American Journal of Life Science Researches, Original Article, pag. (101-103).Jul 2016, Volume 4, Issue 3, DOI: 10.21859/ajlsr-040307. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohammed-Mahklouf | Biodiversity and_Floristic_Study_of_Al-Hdaba 2016 |
| Al-Fiqi, A. M. & Abul-Qasim, R. (2015) Inventory of the vegetation cover surrounding Al-Zawiya University. The Libyan Journal of Science Volume 18, 2014/2015 .(In Arabic) https://uot.edu.ly/journals/index.php/ljs/issue/view/24 | الغطاء النباتى المحيط بجامعة الزاوية2015 |
| Abu Hadra, M. N. & Harkat, Z. M. (2015) A taxonomic study of the components of vegetation cover and notes on the environmental impact of Wadi Ghado in the Jafara Plain region in Libya. Professor magazine-Issue 8-University of Tripoli.(In Arabic) https://uotpa.org.ly/alostath/index.php/alostath/issue/view/8 | وادي غدو سهل الجفارة 2015_compressed |
| Elsayed M. A. N. (2015) Floristic Composition of the Plant Cover at Surt Region in Libya. Catrina (2015), 12 (1): 63-71-2010 By the Egyptian society for environmental SCIENCES. https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18403_37c687e375b9144800a15704e68ebad7.pdf | Plant Cover at Surt Region2015 |
| Mukassabi, T.A, Ahmidat, G., Sherif, I.M., ELMogasapi, A.(2012) Checklist and life forms of plant species in contrasting climatic zones of Libya. Biological Diversity and Conservation – 5 / 3 (2012) https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/biodicon/issue/55888/765799 | plant species in contrasting climatic zones of Libya 2012 |
| Al-Shf, N. S. (2005) a taxonomic study of the plants of the Kaam region. Master Thesis, College of Science, Al-Marqab University, Al-Khums, Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| Ahmidat, Gh. (2004) Study of the vegetation cover of the area between the Acacus Mountains and the Tassili Mountains (Ghat). Master Thesis. Department of Botany.College of Science. Sebha University. Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| El-Komati, A. F. (2004) Medicinal plants in the Shapiat of Marqab, their distribution, classification and importance. Master Thesis. Biology Department- Faculty of Science-Al-Marqab University. Al-Khums. Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| Le Houerou H.N. (2004) Plant diversity in Marmarica (Libya and Egypt). A catalogue of the vascular plants reported with their biology, distribution, frequency, usage, economic potential, habitat, and main ecological features, with an extensive bibliography. Candollea. 59:259–308. https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/HN-le-Houerou-62785096 |