| Glaucium flavum Crantz, it is a perennating herb, glaucous, sub fleshy, sparsely pubescent to almost glabrous, up to 60 (-90) cm tall. Basal leaves lyrate, pinnately lobed, 15-35 cm long; lower segments smaller and almost entire than the upper, coarsely dentate longer segments; cauline leaves smaller, ovate, lobulated, amplexicaule. Flowers yellow, showy. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, 2-3 cm long, ± pubescent, caduceus. Petals broadly obovate, (2.5-) 3-3.5 (-4) cm. Stamens many, yellow; filaments filiform; anthers c. 2 mm long, linear. Ovary tuberculation or papillose throughout, cylindrical, Capsules 15-20 (-22) cm x (3·) 3.5-4 (-4..5) mm, often curved, ± papillose, glabrous, not constricted between the seeds; pedicels up to 5 cm loog in fruit, thickened, ascending to spreading. Seeds are amber-black in color, somewhat glossy, semicircular to subreniform, laterally compressed, dorsally convex and straight on their ventral side, equipped with a crested strophyolus that covers around 1/4 of the total contour of the seed. Seed surface alveolate-scrobiculate with cell walls practically straight and moderately thick. Life Form: H, Flowering in: Feb-Oct, Vern: Gurn-Aljadian, Phytochoria: MED+IT , The native range of this species is Canary Islands, Europe to Medit. and Iran. Notes: Wild in Libya, costal species of sandy and rocky places.
For more information: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:673167-1, https://www.ipni.org/n/673167-1, https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000703573, https://www.gbif.org/species/5334190, https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/149890/glaucium-flavum-crantz, https://www.atlasdesemillasdecanarias.org/atlas/ficha.php?ID=68, https://www.preservons-la-nature.fr/flore/taxon/8.html, https://botany.cz/cs/glaucium-flavum/, https://www.florealpes.com/fiche_glaucierejaune.php, https://www.maltawildplants.com/PAPV/Glaucium_flavum.php, https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/glaucium/flavum/ |
| Distribution in Libya | ||
| Al-Jafarah Plain | Zliten-Misurata Plain | Sirte Plains |
| Mallaha costal road, (5 km) E. of Tripoli 1967 Sabrata 2008 Sabratha region 2020 Coastal of Tripoli 2020 | Leptis Magna 1974 1974 Kaam area 2005 Misurata 2006 | Tawrgha 1975 |
| Benghazi Plain | Jabal Nafusa | Al-Jabal Al-Akhder |
| Dariana 1972 Wadi El-Ghattara 2010 Wadi El-Enaghar 2021 | Al-Nagaza 1974 Al-Khoms 1974, 1975 Msallata National Park (Shaafeen) 2013 | Derna 1972, 1975 Wadi Al-Agar 1999 Al-Mansora 2013 Valley Jarjr-oma 2013 Wadi El-Kouf 2014 Ain Mara 2020 Wadi Al-Kouf 2021 |
| Marmarica Plateau | ||
| From Tobruk to Egyptian Border 1999 Marmarica (north-eastern part of Libya) 2002 | ||
| Bibliographic references: | |
| First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan: | |
| Jafri, S.M.H. & El-Gadi, A. (1977) Flora of Libya, Papaveraceae Vol. (40) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya. | |
| Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest: | pdf files |
| Al-Traboulsi, M. & Alaib, M.A. (2021) A Survey of medicinal plants of Wadi Al-Kouf in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya. NAT. CROAT, VOL. 30. No 2. (389-404), ZAGREB. December 31, 2021. https://hrcak.srce.hr/269442 / https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/390805 | Medicinal plants of Wadi Al-Kouf 2021 |
| Omar, N., El-Mghrbi, N.G., Rahil, R.O., Alaib, M.A., Alzerbi, A.K. (2021) Floristic Composition and Plant Diversity of Western Part of Wadi El- Enaghar, Libya. Species-22(70), 2021. pp. (204-217). https://bit.ly/41TInWw, http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/index.htm, http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/A4.pdf | Wadi El- Enaghar, Libya 2021 |
| Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://www.mapress.com/j/pt/, https://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1 | An updated Marmarica Plateau flora 2021 |
| Al-khojah, H.M., Al-Yafour, L.A., Mahklouf, M.H. (2020) Floristic Study of Selected Districts in Sabratha region Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7/Issue 4 ISSN: 2348-7313. https://bit.ly/3Lop40u, https://scienceq.org/floristic-study-of-selected-districts-in-sabratha-region-libya.php | Sabratha region Libya 2020 |
| Al-Maqsabi, F. M. & Makhlouf, M. A. (2020) Vegetation cover in the Ain Mara region, Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar region – Libya. The Libyan Journal of Science (An International Journal): Volume 23, 2020. (In Arabic) https://uot.edu.ly/journals/index.php/ljs/article/view/122, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Farag-Elmokasabi-2 | Vegetation Cover of Ain Mara 2020 |
| Mahklouf, M.H. (2020) Biodiversity of the coastal flora of Tripoli Province. Biodiv. Res. Conserv. 58: 13-19, 2020. BRC www.brc.amu.edu.pl, http://brc.amu.edu.pl/pdf-127341-54763?filename=Biodiversity%20of%20the.pdf, http://brc.amu.edu.pl/Issue-58-2020,9131 | coastal flora of Tripoli 2020 |
| El-Mokasabi, F M. (2014) Floristic Composition and Traditional Uses of Plant Species at Wadi Al-kuf, Al-Jabal Al-Akhder, Libya. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 14 (8): 685-697, 2014, ISSN 1818-769,IDOSI Publications,2014 DOI: 10.5829/idosi. aejaes. 2014. 14.08.12375. https://bit.ly/3VtCvAA, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/441b/23b83960f007044aca94e26f5c6b170fe102.pdf | Plant Species at Wadi Al-kuf 2014 |
| Abusaief, H. M. A. (2013) Life forms and rangeland for many habitats of Jarjar oma in Al-Jabal Al- Akhdar on Mediterranean Sea. Journal of American Science 2013;9(5) http://www.jofamericanscience.org/journals/am-sci/am0905/029_17747am0905_236_249.pdf | Jarjar oma in Al-Jabal Al- Akhdar 2013 |
| Abusaief, H. M. A. and Dakhil, A. H. (2013) The floristic composition of Rocky habitat of Al Mansora in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar- Libya. New York Science Journal 2013; 6(5). https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Huda-Abusaief | Al Mansora in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar 2013 |
| Al-Masalati, N. A. A. (2013) Plant diversity across the altitudes of the Msallata National Park Reserve Mountains. Master Thesis. Botany Department-College of Science-University of Benghazi-Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| El-Rabiai, G.T., Al tira, F.M., Lamlom, S.H. (2010) Preliminary Checklist for the Flora of Wadi El Ghattara in Libya. Garyounis University Press Journal of Science and Its Applications Vol. 4, No. 1, pp 39-47, December 2010. http://sc.uob.edu.ly/assets/uploads/pagedownloads/5c3e5-39-47.pdf | Flora of Wadi El Ghattara 2010 |
| El-Yafour, L. A. (2008) Taxonomic study of the vegetation properties of Sabratha city Master Thesis. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Al-Zawiya University, Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| Al-Dana, S. M. M. (2006) Taxonomic study of wild flower plants in some areas of Misrata. Master Thesis, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Misurata University (7 October previously) Misurata, Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| Al-Shf, N. S. (2005) a taxonomic study of the plants of the Kaam region. Master Thesis, College of Science, Al-Marqab University, Al-Khums, Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| El-Shaary M.S. (2002). The Natural Vegetation in Marmarica plateau (North-eastern Libya). First ed. Tobruk (Libya): Published by the local Authority. (In Arabic) | |
| Al-Hamadi R.I.(1999) Floristic and ecological study of Wadi Al-Agar, Master Thesis, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Botany Department-Faculty of Science-Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| EL-Habony, A.M. (1999) Vegetation and flora of a sector along Mediterranean cost of Libya from Tobruk to Egyptian border, M.Sc. Thesis, Botany Department-Faculty of Science-Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya. (In Arabic) |
