| Papaver dubium L., it is an annual herb, up to 60 cm tall, hispid to nearly glabrous, simple or sparsely branched from below, lalex usually milky. Cauline leaves usually pinnatifid with linear-laneeolate, acute segments, very variable, subglaucous; basal pinnatisect or pinnatifid, segments ovate, ± obtuse cauline leaves cuneate below. Pedicles apprised-hispid, up to 15 (-20) cm long, drooping above. Flower buds ovoid-orbicular, up 1.5 (-2) cm long sparsely hispid. Flowers usually 3-5 cm across. Petals 2-4 cm long, sub orbicular-obovate, red, pink or pale scarlet with basal black spot. Stamens c. as long as the ovary; filaments dark; anthers violet. Capsules oblong, often narrowed below, (10-) 15-20 x 4-8 mm, glabrous; stigma rays 4-10 (-12), very variable, usually falling a link short of the shallowly lobed disk margin. Seeds measuring 0.57–0.67 x 0.46–0.59 x 0.33–0.39 mm, compressed, mostly reniform and heart-shaped in outline, with barely marked hilar depression, amber-brown in color, somewhat iridescent . Loosely reticulated-alveolate surface with sinuous anticlinal walls. Seeds reniform, very small, brownish or bluish-black. Life Form: Th, Flowering in: Feb-Mar, Vern: Bugraun, Talma, Phytochoria: Cosm, Notes: Wild in Libya.
For more information: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:673488-1, https://www.ipni.org/n/673488-1, https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000480422, https://www.gbif.org/species/2888464, https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/23677/papaver-dubium-l, https://www.atlasdesemillasdecanarias.org/atlas/ficha.php?ID=274, https://www.preservons-la-nature.fr/flore/taxon/830.html, https://maltawildplants.com/PAPV/Papaver_dubium.php, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papaver_dubium |
| Distribution in Libya | ||
| Benghazi Plain | Al-Jabal Al-Akhder | Marmarica Plateau |
| Wadi El-Ghattara 2010 | Tocra 1973 Sidi Abu-Ras 2017 | Marmarica (north-eastern part of Libya) 2002 |
| Bibliographic references: | |
| First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan: | |
| Jafri, S.M.H. & El-Gadi, A. (1977) Flora of Libya, Papaveraceae Vol. (40) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya. | |
| Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses, Sorted by Newest: | pdf files |
| Saaed, M.W.B., EL-Barasi, Y.M. & Rahil, R.O. (2021) An updated checklist and quantitative analysis of the Marmarica Plateau flora, in the north-eastern part of Libya. Phytotaxa 509 (1): 001-055. https://www.mapress.com/j/pt/, https://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.509.1.1 | An updated Marmarica Plateau flora 2021 |
| El-Rabiai, G.T., Al tira, F.M., Lamlom, S.H. (2010) Preliminary Checklist for the Flora of Wadi El Ghattara in Libya. Garyounis University Press Journal of Science and Its Applications Vol. 4, No. 1, pp 39-47, December 2010. http://sc.uob.edu.ly/assets/uploads/pagedownloads/5c3e5-39-47.pdf | Flora of Wadi El Ghattara 2010 |
| El-Zerbi, A. K. & Al-Aib, M.A. (2017) Study of vegetation cover in Sidi Bouras region, Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar, Libya. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering JESE, VOL. 1, No. 1, January 2017. (In Arabic) http://jese.uoa.edu.ly/JESE_V1N1/JESE_V1N1P11.pdf | سيدي ابو راس 2017 |
| El-Shaary M.S. (2002). The Natural Vegetation in Marmarica plateau (North-eastern Libya). First ed. Tobruk (Libya): Published by the local Authority. (In Arabic) |
