| Umbilicus horizontalis (Guss.) DC. , it is a succulent tuberous geophyte perennial herb, with a tuberous ootstock, 1-3 cm in diam, usually covered with dense, fine roots. stem straight, up to 60 cm tall cm high, ground leaves fleshy, petiolate, shield-like, irregularly toothed on the edge, stem leaves gradually decreasing in size, uppermost lanceolate to linear. Flowers in a spike (rarely also in panicles), which covers 40-60% of the upper part of the stem, corollas tubular, up to 8 mm long, yellow-brown, , the fruits are pods. Life Form: G, Su, Flowering in: Mar-Apr, Vern: Surrat Al-ard, Phytochoria: MED+SA+IT, The native range of this species is Azores, Medit. to W. Iran and Eritrea. Notes: Wild in Libya, a species of rocky places
For more information: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:276960-1, https://www.ipni.org/n/276960-1, https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000415393, https://www.gbif.org/species/7334434, https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/56573/umbilicus-horizontalis-guss-dc, https://botany.cz/cs/umbilicus-horizontalis/, https://www.florealpes.com/fiche_umbilicushoriz.php, https://www.teline.fr/en/photos/crassulaceae/umbilicus-horizontalis, https://dryades.units.it/asinara/index.php?procedure=taxon_page&id=1718&num=5942, https://www.actaplantarum.org/flora/flora_info.php?id=501718, http://floranelsalento.blogspot.com/2012/08/umbilicus-horizontalis-guss-dc.html, https://www.maltawildplants.com/CRSS/Umbilicus_horizontalis.php |
| Distribution in Libya | ||
| Al-Jafarah Plain | Zliten-Misurata Plain | Benghazi Plain |
| Sabrata 2008 | Leptis Magna 1968 Kaam area 2005 | Between Slouk and Al-Abiar 2016 Wadi El-Enaghar 2021 |
| Jabal Nafusa | Al-Jabal Al-Akhder | |
| Aboghilan 1972 Gebel Nafousa 1977 Msallata (Shaafeen) 2008 Msallata National Park (Shaafeen) 2013 Msallata-Garaboulli Province 2020 Gharyan (Sedrores Mountains) 2020 | Wadi El-Kauf, (24 km) from Derna to Shahat, Ain Mara 1978 Wadi Al-Agar 1999 S. of AL-Marj 2011 Al-Mansora 2013 Valley Jarjr-oma 2013 Wadi El-Kouf 2014 Al-Mansora 2017 Ain Mara 2020 | |
| Bibliographic references: | |
| First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan: | |
| Jafri, S.M.H. & El-Gadi, A. (1981) Flora of Libya, Crassulaceae Vol. (87) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya. | |
| Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses , Sorted by Newest: | pdf files |
| Al-Maqsabi, F. M. & Makhlouf, M. A. (2020) Vegetation cover in the Ain Mara region, Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar region – Libya. The Libyan Journal of Science (An International Journal): Volume 23, 2020. (In Arabic) https://uot.edu.ly/journals/index.php/ljs/article/view/122, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Farag-Elmokasabi-2 | Vegetation Cover of Ain Mara 2020 |
| El-Ahmir, S.M., Mahklouf, M.H., Shanta, M.B., Abo-Jaafer, H.A. (2020) Floristic Study of Sedrores Mountains in Gharyan District-Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology. Volume 8 / Issue 1. ISSN: 2348-7313. https://bit.ly/3VkL3Kh, https://scienceq.org/floristic-study-of-sedrores-mountains-in-gharyan-district-libya.php | Sedrores Mountains in Gharyan 2020 |
| Mahklouf, M.H., Sherif, A.S., Betelmal, A.G. (2020) Floristic Study and Species Diversity of Msallata-Garaboulli Province in Libya. J. of Advanced Botany and Zoology Volume 7 / Issue 3 ISSN: 2348-7313. Journal homepage: http://scienceq.org/Journals/JABZ.php, https://bit.ly/3LgL0KQ, https://scienceq.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/JABZV7I304.pdf | Msallata-Garaboulli Province in Libya 2020 |
| Omar, N., El-Mghrbi, N.G., Rahil, R.O., Alaib, M.A., Alzerbi, A.K. (2021) Floristic Composition and Plant Diversity of Western Part of Wadi El- Enaghar, Libya. Species-22(70), 2021. pp. (204-217). https://bit.ly/41TInWw, http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/index.htm, http://www.discoveryjournals.org/Species/current_issue/2021/v22/n70/A4.pdf | Wadi El- Enaghar, Libya 2021 |
| Abusaief, H. M. A. (2017) Similarities between elevations in a rare species of some locations at Al- Jabal Al-Akhdar in Libya. International Journal of Environment ISSN 2077-4505.Volume: 06 Issue: 03 July-Sept. 2017, Page: 78-102. http://www.curresweb.com/ije/ije/2017/78-102.pdf | Similarities between elevations in a rare species 2017_compressed |
| Raheel, RO. M., El-Borasi, Y. M., El-Barrani, M. W., El-Hassi, S. (2016) Study of Flora and vegetation cover of the semi-desert area between Salouq and Al-Abyar-the first high of Jabal Al-Akhdar-Libya, Fourth Scientific Conference for Environment and Sustainable Development In dry and semi-arid areas. Ajdabia. Libya. (In Arabic) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Yacoub-El-Barasi , https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rebeh-Rahil | between Salouq and Al-Abyar 2016 |
| El-Mokasabi, F M. (2014) Floristic Composition and Traditional Uses of Plant Species at Wadi Al-kuf, Al-Jabal Al-Akhder, Libya. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 14 (8): 685-697, 2014, ISSN 1818-769,IDOSI Publications,2014DOI:10.5829/idosi.aejaes.2014.14.08.12375. https://bit.ly/3VtCvAA, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/441b/23b83960f007044aca94e26f5c6b170fe102.pdf | Plant Species at Wadi Al-kuf 2014 |
| Abusaief, H. M. A. (2013) Life forms and rangeland for many habitats of Jarjar oma in Al-Jabal Al- Akhdar on Mediterranean Sea. Journal of American Science 2013;9(5) http://www.jofamericanscience.org/journals/am-sci/am0905/029_17747am0905_236_249.pdf | Jarjar oma in Al-Jabal Al- Akhdar 2013 |
| Abusaief, H. M. A. and Dakhil, A. H. (2013) The floristic composition of Rocky habitat of Al Mansora in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar- Libya. New York Science Journal 2013; 6(5). https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Huda-Abusaief | Al Mansora in Al-Jabal Al-Akhdar 2013 |
| Al-Masalati, N. A. A. (2013) Plant diversity across the altitudes of the Msallata National Park Reserve Mountains. Master Thesis. Botany Department-College of Science-University of Benghazi-Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| EL-Barasi, Y. M., Barrani, M. W., Abdelsalam, O. EL-Amrouni, N., Mohamad, F. (2011) Check list of flora and vegetation on south EL-Marj zone: south EL-Jabal EL-Akhadar. Libya. Annals of Faculty Engineering Hunedoara-International Journal of Engineering. Tome IX (Year 2011). Fascicule 3. ISSN 1584-2673, 141-146. https://bit.ly/3p7s6hV, http://annals.fih.upt.ro/pdf-full/2011/ANNALS-2011-3-24.pdf | flora and vegetation on south EL-Marj zone 2011 |
| El-Yafour, L. A. (2008) Taxonomic study of the vegetation properties of Sabratha city Master Thesis. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Al-Zawiya University, Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| Mohammed, S.A.H. (2008) A taxonomic and ecological study of the plants of the Shaafin Reserve in Masalatah. Master Thesis. Department of Biology-Faculty of Arts and Sciences-Al-Mirqab University. Al-Khums. Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| Al-Shf, N. S. (2005) a taxonomic study of the plants of the Kaam region. Master Thesis, College of Science, Al-Marqab University, Al-Khums, Libya. (In Arabic) | |
| Al-Hamadi R.I.(1999) Floristic and ecological study of Wadi Al-Agar, Master Thesis, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Botany Department-Faculty of Science-Garyounis University, Benghazi, Libya. (In Arabic) |
