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Juniperus macrocarpa Sm. / Homotypic Synonyms: Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. macrocarpa (Sm.) Neilr., it is a dioecious tree or shrub , broad pyramidal, spherical or scattered crown, evergreen, 1.5-6 m tall . Trunk erect, sometimes ascending; The bark becomes cracked and gray-brown in longitudinal stripes in later stages. The branches are usually curved upwards. Shoots are triangular, initially light green, later brown.  Leaves in a circumferential arrangement of 3, attached to the shoots at 70-90 degree angles, sometimes turned backwards, not decurrent at the junction, lanceolate, hard, flat, 12-18 × (1.8-)2-2.6 mm, 2 pores on top striped, pointed at the tip, stinging, ± keeled below. Male cones are found singly in the leaf axils, initially dirty yellow or orange, later red-brown, ovoid to spherical, about 4 mm long, pollination winter or early spring. Female cones have 3 or 6 scales, grape-like, lateral position in the leaf axils, one by one, mature in 2 years; mature cones spherical to ovoid, (10-)13-20 mm in diameter, green initially, orange, brown or purplish-red when fully mature, waxy on the outside, scales fused, distinct at the tips. Seeds 2-6 pieces, 5.5-9.5 mm long.  Life Form: Ph,   Flowering in: Mar-Apr,   Vern: Arar ,   Phytochoria: MED,  The native range of this species is W. & Central Medit.  Notes: Wild in Libya.

For more information: https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:262270-1,  https://www.ipni.org/n/262270-1https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000355640,   https://www.gbif.org/species/2684470,    https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/specie/131008/juniperus-oxycedrus-subsp-macrocarpa-sm-neilr,    http://www.florasilvestre.es/mediterranea/Cupressaceae/Juniperus_macrocarpa.htm,  https://www.actaplantarum.org/flora/flora_info.php?id=170,  https://www.preservons-la-nature.fr/flore/taxon/5078.htmlhttps://www.conifers.org/cu/Juniperus_macrocarpa.php,   https://dryades.units.it/floritaly/index.php?procedure=taxon_page&tipo=all&id=171

 

Distribution in Libya
Al-Jabal Al-Akhder
Derna 1934  Wadi El-Tair, (24 km) W. of  Derna, Susa 1967   (20 km) E.of Derna 1986     Shahat-Susa 2016   Derna Region 2020

 

Bibliographic references:  
First: Encyclopedia Flora of Libyan:  
Jafri, S.M.H. & EL-TAIFE (1986) Flora of Libya, Cupressaceae Vol.  (152) Department of Botany, Al-Faateh Univ., Tripoli, Libya.
Second: Researches and PhD theses, master theses , Sorted by Newest: pdf files
Al-Tashani, A.F. & Faraj, H.A.Y. (2020) Morphological and Some Wood Properties of Juniperus Oxycedrus Subsp. Macrocarpa in Derna Region, East Libya. Libyan Journal of Ecological & Environmental Sciences and Technology. Vol, 2 No. 1 June, 2020. https://www.srcest.org.ly/jou/paper/1594238260499.pdf,  https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Amel-Tashani-2, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hameda-Faraj Juniperus Oxycedrus Subsp. Macrocarpa in Derna 2020
Hegazy, A.; Kabiel, H.; AlRowaily, S.; Lovett-Doust,L. and AlBorki, A. (2016) Plant communities and reproductive phenology in mountainous regions of northern Libya. Journal of  Forestry Research. July 2017, Volume 28, Issue 4, pp 741–761. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11676-016-0345-8, https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ahmad-Hegazy-2